Statistical properties of thermally expandable particles in soft-turbulence Rayleigh-Bénard convection
The dynamics of inertial particles in Rayleigh-Benard convection, where both particles and fluid exhibit thermal expansion, is studied using direct numerical simulations (DNS) in the soft-turbulence regime. We consider the effect of particles with a thermal expansion coefficient larger than that of the fluid, causing particles to become lighter than the fluid near the hot bottom plate and heavier than the fluid near the cold top plate.